Thermal power plant
• A
Thermal power plant converts the heat
energy of coal into electrical energy. Coal is burnt in a boiler which converts
water in stream . The expansion of stream in turbine produces mechanical power
which drives the alternator coupled to the turbine . Thermal power plants contribute maximum to the
generation of power for any country.
• Thermal power plants constitute 75.43% of the total
installed captive and non captive power generation in India.
• In
thermal generating stations coal , oil
,natural gas etc are employed as primary sources of energy.
• WHAT
IS THERMAL POWER STATION?
• It is power generating station in which thermal
energy of coal is utilized to generate electrical power, so in this plant coal
is burnt to produce thermal energy by which stream is generated from water and
stream is supplied to turbine. Turbine is being rotated .then generator
produces 11kv in generator . (it is converted into electrical energy by
alternator and turbine.)
• Selection
factors thermal power plant
• 1.AVAILIBILITY
OF WATER: Every thermal plant should be
located in a short distance to coal miles , to get available fuel for it.
• 2.
TRANSPOTAION FACILITY : Every thermal plant should be connected to coal miles
by road or rail.
• 3.AVAILIBILITY
OF WATER: Every thermal power plant should be located near the river for
availability of water.
• 4.DISTANCE
FROM POPULATED AREA : Due to production of smokes from boiler environment is
polluted and so it is placed at a distance from populated area.
Different selection factors thermal power plant
1.STREAM GENERATING
PLANT: It is the main part of thermal plant in which stream is generated from
water at a particular pressure and temperature. (super heated stream)
2.COAL AND ASH
HANDLING PLANT: In this plant coal is
supplied to boiler after pulverization and then it is burnt after burning ash
is produced which is taken out ash storage.
3.STREAM TURBINE : It
is energy conversion part of thermal plant where super heated stream strikes
stream turbine which is selected by amount by pressure required.
4.CONDENCING PLANT: In
this part the exist stream is condensed into water and it is uses for cooling
tower outside condenser.
5.WATER TREATMENT :
This is the last part of thermal power plant which condensed water treated and
purified and supplied to boiler by using feed water pump
Boiler
• It
is the stream generator constructed by
stone or bricks of different sizes and which operates by different accessories
. It is uses soft water with coal on its farness where coal is burnt to produce
heat for stream generation.
• According
to generating pressure boiler is two type
• 1.Fire tube Boiler
• 2. Water tube Boiler